The word photovoltaic comes from the combination of "photo" meaning light, and voltaic meaning electricity produced by a chemical reaction. The word has been defined as the generation of sun light to produce electricity through semi-conduction with materials.
Electrons are emitted from the sun to the earth. When these electrons are set free by the semi-conduction with a material such as silicon or selenium. The energy is in the electrons are then released in electric DC form.
The early years of photovoltaics and birth of solar energy.
* 1839: Photovoltaics was first discovered by a 19 year old experimenting physicist from France, Edmund Becquerel. Since his work was strictly experimental and only breached upon the photovoltaic effect, a number of scientists followed with more advanced studies. It was in the next twenty years that selenium was used as a semi-conductor experimentally.(U.S. Department of Energy, 2004 )
* 1918: The second major step in the science of advancement of photovoltaic technology was the development of single crystal silicon growth by a polish scientist, Jan Czochralski(Wikipedia, 2004).
* 1923: Albert Einstein is awarded the Noble Prize for his work explaining photoelectric effect(US Dept. of Energy, 2004).
* 1954: Bell Labs reports the first discovery of 4.5% silicon
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